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Data Sheet
PROPAGATION DELAY-RELATED PARAMETERS
Propagation delay is a parameter that describes the time it takes
a logic signal to propagate through a component. The propagation
delay to a logic low output may differ from the propagation
100
10
ADuM5230
delay to a logic high.
INPUT (V Ix )
50%
1
OUTPUT (V Ox )
t PLH
t PHL
50%
0.1
0.01
Figure 16. Propagation Delay Parameters
Pulse width distortion is the maximum difference between
these two propagation delay values and is an indication of how
0.001
1k
10k 100k 1M 10M
MAGNETIC FIELD FREQUENCY (Hz)
100M
V = ( ?dβ/dt ) ∑ π r n ; n = 1, 2, … , N
accurately the input signal timing is preserved.
Channel-to-channel matching refers to the maximum amount
the propagation delay differs between channels within a single
ADuM5230 component.
DC CORRECTNESS AND MAGNETIC FIELD IMMUNITY
Positive and negative logic transitions at the isolator input
cause narrow (~1 ns) pulses to be sent to the decoder via the
transformer. The decoder is bistable and is, therefore, either set
or reset by the pulses, indicating input logic transitions. In the
absence of logic transitions at the input for more than 1 μs, a
periodic set of refresh pulses indicative of the correct input state
are sent to ensure dc correctness at the output. If the decoder
receives no internal pulses of more than about 5 μs, the input
side is assumed to be unpowered or nonfunctional, in which
case the isolator output is forced to a default state (see Table 9)
by the watchdog timer circuit.
The limitation on the ADuM5230 magnetic field immunity is set
by the condition in which induced voltage in the transformer
receiving coil is sufficiently large to either falsely set or reset the
decoder. The following analysis defines the conditions under
which this may occur.
The pulses at the transformer output have an amplitude greater
than 1.0 V. The decoder has a sensing threshold at about 0.5 V, thus
establishing a 0.5 V margin in which induced voltages can be
tolerated. The voltage induced across the receiving coil is given by
2
where:
Figure 17. Maximum Allowable External Magnetic Flux Density
For example, at a magnetic field frequency of 1 MHz, the maxi-
mum allowable magnetic field of 0.2 kgauss induces a voltage
of 0.25 V at the receiving coil. This is about 50% of the sensing
threshold and does not cause a faulty output transition. Similarly,
if such an event occurs during a transmitted pulse (and is of the
worst-case polarity), it reduces the received pulse from >1.0 V to
0.75 V, still well above the 0.5 V sensing threshold of the decoder.
The preceding magnetic flux density values correspond to specific
current magnitudes at given distances from the ADuM5230 trans-
formers. Figure 18 expresses these allowable current magnitudes
as a function of frequency for selected distances. As shown, the
ADuM5230 is extremely immune and can be affected only by
extremely large currents operated at high frequency very close
to the component. For the 1 MHz example noted, the user would
have to place a 0.5 kA current 5 mm away from the ADuM5230
to affect the operation of the component.
1000
DISTANCE = 1m
100
10
DISTANCE = 100mm
1
DISTANCE = 5mm
0.1
β is the magnetic flux density (gauss).
r n is the radius of the n th turn in the receiving coil (cm).
0.01
1k
10k
100k
1M
10M
100M
N is the number of turns in the receiving coil.
Given the geometry of the receiving coil in the ADuM5230 and
an imposed requirement that the induced voltage be at most
50% of the 0.5 V margin at the decoder, a maximum allowable
magnetic field is calculated, as shown in Figure 17.
MAGNETIC FIELD FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 18. Maximum Allowable Current
for Various Current-to-ADuM5230 Spacings
Note that at combinations of strong magnetic field and high
frequency, any loops formed by PCB traces may induce error
voltages sufficiently large enough to trigger the thresholds of
succeeding circuitry. Care should be taken in the layout of such
traces to avoid this possibility.
Rev. B | Page 11 of 16
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